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This technique is known since the Antiquity.

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Dehesas always existed but are now tremendously diminishing and are being replaced. This evolution is mainly due to the increase of intensive agriculture, to the development of enclosed fields and to the high level or urbanisation.

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The Delta du Rhône was formed 10.000 years ago by the penetration and decline of the sea and the edification of sandy spits.

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In broad definition = landscapes partitioned by stonewalls and balks in a more or less regular pattern

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Second half of the 14th century: reference of semi-openfields in Mondoñedo (Galicia)
First reference in XVIII century (Bouhier, 1979)
Boom: XIX and first half of XX century
After 1950s: Intensive systems
1960s: Breaking-up with traditional farming
1970s: Agricultural policy
1980s: Expansion of forestry
1986: Spain joins EU: milk and meat production development

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It started around the year 1000 after JC.

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The Neolithic Revolution leading from nomadic to sedentary lifestyle has engendered an evolution from hunter-gatherer to sheep and cattle breeding, the cultivation of wheat and barley grains, on the territory of France around the 5^th Century before JC. From this period on man works and plough the soil.

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Hay making structures have been a common feature in the Norwegian agricultural landscape for a long time. As cool and regionally quite wet climatic conditions are unfavorable for cultivation of plant crops, animal husbandry has always been an important part of Norwegian agriculture, especially towards the north of the country where plant production gets increasingly difficult. [Read more]

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Dr. Anton Melik was the first researcher of hayracks. He describes the development of hayracks with following words:

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under construction, further information will be added later

complex issue

18th century when planting of fruit trees at arable land took place

Some writings about orchards in France dating from the 16th Century have been found.

• Fruit-growing in Slovakia has a long tradition. The natural and climatic conditions enable cultivation of varied cultivar, especially plum trees that were cultivated in ancient times.
• Archaeological findings demonstrate that apple trees, pear trees, peach and plum trees have been grown since 4-5 thousand years B.C. [Read more]

A  very  important  argument  for  creating  a culinary tourism  related  to  the  milk products  making  in Slovakia  is  truly  a  long  tradition  which  extends  to  the  prehistoric  times. It is indirectly proven by the archaeological findings of sheep bones and ceramics for straining coagulated milk discovered in the Domica cave which date back to 2,000 years BC (Matlovičová, Pompura, 2013).

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Artificial terraced landscape date back early and historical findings prove wine cultivation at the rivers through Romans. They already used prepared terraces for the cultivation.

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Terraces for agricultural land use were established primarily during the Walachian colonisation wave between the 14th and 16th centuries in Slovakia (Stankoviansky, 2003). They either arose spontaneously as a result of long-term plowing of linear plots on milder slopes or they were built intentionally on steeper slopes to prevent soil erosion and movement of sediments downslope during the storm situations (Stankoviansky, 2007).

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There are wetlands, waterlogging permanent pastures or meadows, but it is not controlled irrigation to increase agricultural productivity. Generally waterlogging meadows had been created by natural way. (High level of ground water, closeness of rivers or water reservoirs). Then water meadows have been created in places, where was interrupted melioration or after compacting of soil due to huge pressure on the soil profile.

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Most of these meadows have always been maintained by traditional and extensive practices such as grazing and mowing for the production of hay.

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For this entry, the example of the Var region in the South East of France has been taken.

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Since stone age known, that people have eaten fruits.

highest importance in Germany: 19^th and 20th cent.

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Content provided by Sebastian Eiter & Julia Kapfer, NIBIO Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research

How/why/by whom was it created? Describe the genesis (history) of that landscape in your country. E.g.

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Grass covered mosaics originally tended towards mixed system. We have distinguished 2 types of the grass covered mosaics: